Gukuramo Gallium

GukuramoGaliyumu

Galiyumubisa nkigice cyamabati mubushyuhe bwicyumba, kandi niba ushaka kugifata mumikindo, gihita gishonga mumasaro ya feza. Ubusanzwe, gushonga kwa gallium yari hasi cyane, 29.8C gusa. Nubwo gushonga kwa gallium ari hasi cyane, aho itekera ni ndende cyane, igera kuri 2070C. Abantu bakoresha imiterere ya gallium kugirango bakore ibipimo byo gupima ubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Izi termometero zinjizwa mubyuma bikaze bikora itanura, kandi ikirahuri cyikirahure kirashonga. Gallium imbere ntabwo itetse. Niba ikirahure cyo hejuru cya quartz ikirahuri gikoreshwa mugukora igikonoshwa cya galiyo ya termometero, irashobora gukomeza gupima ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa 1500C. Rero, abantu bakunze gukoresha ubu bwoko bwa termometero kugirango bapime ubushyuhe bwamashyiga ya reaction na reaction ya atome.

Gallium ifite imiterere myiza yo gukina, kandi kubera "kugabanuka gushyushye no kwaguka gukonje", ikoreshwa mugukora ibinyomoro, bigasobanura neza imyandikire. Mu nganda zingufu za atome, gallium ikoreshwa nkuburyo bwo kohereza ubushyuhe bwo kohereza ubushyuhe buturuka kuri reaction. Gallium hamwe nibyuma byinshi, nka bismuth, isasu, amabati, kadmium, nibindi, bigira umusemburo wa fusible ufite aho ushonga uri munsi ya 60C. Muri byo, ibyuma bya galiyo birimo 25% (gushonga ingingo ya 16C) hamwe na tinine ya gallium irimo amabati 8% (gushonga point 20C) irashobora gukoreshwa mumashanyarazi hamwe nibikoresho bitandukanye byumutekano. Ubushyuhe bumaze kuba hejuru, bazahita bashonga kandi bahagarike, bigira uruhare rwumutekano.

Ku bufatanye nikirahure, gifite ingaruka zo kuzamura indangagaciro yikirahure yikirahure kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora ibirahuri bidasanzwe bya optique. Kuberako gallium ifite ubushobozi bukomeye cyane bwo kwerekana urumuri kandi irashobora kwizirika neza kubirahure, hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, birakwiriye cyane gukoreshwa nkigaragaza. Indorerwamo za Gallium zirashobora kwerekana inyuma ya 70% yumucyo wasohotse.

Ibintu bimwe na bimwe bya gallium ubu bifitanye isano rya bugufi na siyansi igezweho. Gallium arsenide nibikoresho bishya byavumbuwe hamwe nibikorwa byiza mumyaka yashize. Kubikoresha nkibikoresho bya elegitoronike birashobora kugabanya cyane ingano yibikoresho bya elegitoronike kandi bigera kuri miniaturizasi. Abantu bakoze kandi lazeri bakoresheje gallium arsenide nkibigize, ni ubwoko bushya bwa laser hamwe nubushobozi buke kandi bunini. Gallium na fosifore - Gallium fosifide nigikoresho gisohora urumuri rwinshi rushobora gusohora urumuri rutukura cyangwa icyatsi. Yakozwe muburyo butandukanye bw'icyarabu kandi ikoreshwa muri mudasobwa ya elegitoronike kugirango yerekane ibisubizo bibarwa.