Gukuramo, gutegura no kubika nezaokiside ya gadolinium (Gd₂O₃)ni ibintu byingenzi byubutaka budasanzwe bwo gutunganya. Ibikurikira ni ibisobanuro birambuye ：
Method Uburyo bwo gukuramo okiside ya gadolinium
Ubusanzwe okiside ya Gadolinium ikurwa mu bucukuzi bw'isi budasanzwe burimo gadolinium, amabuye asanzwe arimo monazite na bastnäsite. Igikorwa cyo gukuramo gikubiyemo ahanini intambwe zikurikira:
1.Isenyuka rimwe:
Ubutaka budasanzwe bw'ubutaka bwangirika hakoreshejwe aside cyangwa alkaline.
Uburyo bwa acide: Koresha ubutare hamwe na acide sulfurike cyangwa aside hydrochloric kugirango uhindure ibintu bidasanzwe mubutaka bwumunyu.
Uburyo bwa alkaline: Koresha hydroxide ya sodium cyangwa potasiyumu hydroxide kugirango ushonge ubutare ku bushyuhe bwinshi kugirango uhindure ibintu bidasanzwe byisi muri hydroxide.
2.Gutandukanya isi gake:
Tandukanya gadolinium ivanze nubutaka budasanzwe bwo gukuramo ibisubizo cyangwa gukuramo ion.
Uburyo bwo gukuramo ibishishwa: Koresha ibishishwa kama (nka tributyl fosifate) kugirango uhitemo gukuramo gadolinium.
Uburyo bwo guhanahana Ion: Koresha ion guhana resin kugirango utandukanye ion ya gadolinium.
3.Gusukura gadolinium:
Binyuze mu kuvoma byinshi cyangwa guhana ion, ibindi bintu bidasanzwe byisi hamwe numwanda bivanwaho kugirango ubone ibikoresho bya gadolinium bifite isuku nyinshi (nka gadolinium chloride cyangwa nitrate ya gadolinium).
4.Guhindura okide ya gadolinium:
Ibikoresho bya gadolinium bisukuye (nka nitrate ya gadolinium cyangwa gadolinium oxalate) bibarwa mubushyuhe bwinshi kugirango ibore kandi itange okiside ya gadolinium.
Urugero rwo kubyitwaramo: 2 Gd (NO₃) ₃ → Gd₂O₃ + 6 NO₂ + 3/2 O₂
Method Uburyo bwo gutegura oxyde ya gadolinium
1.Uburyo bwo kubara ubushyuhe bwo hejuru:
Kubara umunyu wa gadolinium (nka nitrate ya gadolinium, oxyde ya gadolinium cyangwa karubone ya gadolinium) ku bushyuhe bwinshi (hejuru ya 800 ° C) kugirango ubore kandi ubyare okiside ya gadolinium.
Ubu ni uburyo bukoreshwa muburyo bwo gutegura kandi burakwiriye kubyara umusaruro munini.
2.Uburyo bwa hydrothermal:
Gadolinium oxyde nanoparticles ikorwa mugukora imyunyu ya gadolinium hamwe nibisubizo bya alkaline mubushyuhe bwinshi hamwe nubushyuhe bukabije bwa hydrothermal.
Ubu buryo bushobora gutegura okiside ya gadolinium ifite ubunini buke.
3.Uburyo bwa gel-gel:
Umunyu wa Gadolinium uvangwa nubushakashatsi bwibanze (nka acide citric) kugirango bibe sol, hanyuma bikavangwa, byumye kandi bibarwa kugirango ubone okiside ya gadolinium.
Ubu buryo bukwiranye no gutegura ifu ya nano-nini ya gadolinium oxyde.
Conditions Imiterere yo kubika neza ya okiside ya gadolinium
Okiside ya Gadolinium irahagaze neza mubushyuhe bwicyumba, ariko uburyo bukurikira bwo kubika bugomba kwitonderwa kugirango umutekano urusheho kugenda neza:
1.Ibihe byerekana ubushyuhe:
Okiside ya Gadolinium ifite urugero runaka rwa hygroscopique kandi igomba kubikwa ahantu humye kugirango wirinde guhura nubushuhe.
Birasabwa gukoresha ikintu gifunze hanyuma ukongeramo desiccant (nka silika gel).
2.Icyerekezo cyoroshye:
Okiside ya Gadolinium yumva urumuri, kandi kumara igihe kinini kumucyo ukomeye bishobora kugira ingaruka kumikorere.
Bikwiye kubikwa ahantu hakonje, hijimye.
3. Kugenzura ubushyuhe:
Ubushyuhe bwo kubika bugomba kugenzurwa murwego rwubushyuhe bwicyumba (15-25 ° C), hakirindwa ubushyuhe bwo hejuru cyangwa buke.
Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bushobora gutera impinduka muri oxyde ya gadolinium, kandi ubushyuhe buke bushobora gutera hygroscopicity.
4. Irinde guhura na aside:
Okiside ya Gadolinium ni oxyde ya alkaline kandi izakira cyane aside.
Irinde ibintu bya acide mugihe cyo kubika.
5.Kwirinda umukungugu:
Ifu ya Gadolinium oxyde irashobora kurakaza inzira zubuhumekero nuruhu.
Koresha ibikoresho bifunze mugihe ubitse kandi wambare ibikoresho birinda (nka masike na gants) mugihe ukora.
IV. Kwirinda
1.Uburozi:Okiside ya Gadolinium ubwayo iba ifite uburozi, ariko ivumbi ryayo rishobora kurakaza inzira zubuhumekero nuruhu, bityo rero hakwiye kwirindwa guhura.
2. Kujugunya imyanda:Umwanda wa gadolinium oxyde ugomba gutunganywa cyangwa ukavurwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yangiza imiti yangiza kugirango hirindwe ibidukikije.
Binyuze mu kuvoma hejuru, gutegura no kubika, okiside nziza ya gadolinium irashobora kuboneka neza kandi neza kugirango ihuze ibyifuzo byayo mubikoresho bya magneti, ibikoresho bya optique, amashusho yubuvuzi, nibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-28-2025