Dysprosium,Ikimenyetso Dy na Atomic nimero 66. Ni aIkintu Cyisihamwe na Metallic Luster. Dysprosium ntabwo yigeze iboneka nkikintu kimwe muri kamere, nubwo kibaho mumabuye y'agaciro nka ytrike fosicfate.
Ubwinshi bwa dysprosium muri crust ni 6ppm, iri munsi yubwawe
yttriumahantu h'isi idasanzwe. Bifatwa nkibiremereye
Ikintu cyisi kidasanzwe kandi gitanga isoko nziza kubisabwa.
DysProsium mu miterere yayo karemano igizwe na isotopezo zirindwi, hamwe no kuba 164 DY.
Dysphium yabanje kuvumburwa na Paul Akilleck de Bospoland mu 1886, ariko ntabwo yari igamije iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo kungurana ibitekerezo muri 1950 ko byari byigunze. DysProsium ifite porogaramu nkeya kuko idashobora gusimburwa nibindi bintu byimiti.
Umunyu wa Dysprosium ufite uburozi buke, mugihe umunyuzi udashobora gufatwa nkutari uburozi.
Kuvumbura amateka
Yavumbuwe na: L. Boisheudran, Igifaransa
Yavumbuwe mu 1886 mu Bufaransa
Nyuma ya Mossander yatandukanijweerbiumisi naterbiumIsi yo muri Yetrium Isi mu 1842, Abami bakoresheje isesengura ryihariye kugira ngo bamenye kandi batamenye ko atari oxide yera y'ikintu, cyashishikarije chimiste gukomeza kubatandukanya. Nyuma yimyaka irindwi nyuma yo gutandukanya Hollymium, mu 1886, Bouvabadrand igabanije mo kabiri kandi igumana Hollymium, undi witwa Dysprosium, hamwe nikimenyetso cyibanze Dy. Iri jambo riva mu ijambo ry'Ikigereki Dysprositos kandi risobanura 'bigoye kubona'. Hamwe no kuvumbura dysprosium nibindi bintu bidasanzwe byisi, ikindi gice cyicyiciro cya gatatu cyisi idasanzwe isi irangiye.
Iboneza rya elegitoroni
Imiterere ya elegitoronike:
1S2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6f 4f10
isotope
Muri leta karemano, DysPrusium igizwe na isotopes zirindwi: 156dy, 158Ny, 160Dy, 161Yedy, 162Yenyuka, 163Ya 163Ny. Ibi byose bifatwa nkihamye, nubwo rimwe na 156kubo twabora hamwe na kimwe cya kabiri cyubuzima 1 * 1018. Mubisanzwe bya musopepriki, 164By ni byinshi kuri 28%, bikurikirwa na 162 kuri 26%. Abahagije ni 156dy, 0.06%. 29 Isotopezi ya radio nayo yaranyeganyega, kuva kuri 138 kugeza 173, ukurikije misa ya atome. Ikintu gihamye cyane ni 154yy hamwe na kimwe cya kabiri cyubuzima bwimyaka 3106, bikurikirwa na 159dy hamwe na kimwe cya kabiri cyubuzima 144.4. Ibidashoboka cyane ni dy 138 hamwe na kimwe cya kabiri cya milisegonda 200. 154Nyuma cyane cyane biterwa na Alpha decial, mugihe 152Dyy na 159by kubora cyane biterwa ahanini na electron ifatwa.
Ibyuma
DysProsium ifite uburabyo bwa metallic na feza nziza. Nibyiza rwose kandi birashobora gukoreshwa utabasiwe niba ubwinshi bwirindwa. Imitungo yumubiri ya DysProsium igira ingaruka nubutaka buke. Dysgrosium na Hollymium bafite imbaraga zo hejuru za magneti, cyane cyane mubushyuhe buke. Dysprosium ya DysproGNES ihinduka leta ya antiferoromagnetic ku bushyuhe buri munsi ya 85 K (-188.2 C), aho atome ihwanye na etage kumurongo runaka. Iyi miyoboro idasanzwe ya antimerromagnesm ihinduka muburyo butandukanye (paramagnetic) kuri 179 K (-94 c).
Gusaba:
. Mu bihe byashize, icyifuzo cya DysPruim nticyari kinini, ariko gisaba gukenera muri Neodeymium.
. Arigizwe ahanini na bande ebyiri zo mu maso, imwe ni imyuka yumuhondo, naho ubundi ni imyuka yubururu. Ibikoresho bya DysProsium bya DysPecent birashobora gukoreshwa nka fosifor ya Tricolor.
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(4)Ibyuma bya dysprosium Irashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho bya magneto-optique hamwe no gufata amajwi hejuru no gusoma.
. Ubu bwoko bwitara ifite ibyiza nkabamurikira, ibara ryiza, ubushyuhe bworoshye, ingano ntoya, na arc zihamye. Yakoreshejwe nk'isoko yo gucana kuri firime, gucapa, n'ibindi bikorwa byo gucana.
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. Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga, gushyira mu bikorwa imirima ya DysProsium izakomeza kwaguka no kwagura.
. Gushyushya igisubizo cy'amazi ya Dybr3 na Naf ku gitutu 450 cy'akatungu n'amasaha 17 kugeza 450 ° C birashobora kubyara fibre fleoride ya Dysprosium. Ibi bikoresho birashobora kuguma mubisubizo bitandukanye byamasaha arenga 100 nta gusenyuka cyangwa guteranya ubushyuhe burenze 400 ° C.
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. Dysphium hamwe nibigize bifite imiterere ikomeye ya magneti, bituma bigira akamaro mubikorwa byo kubirika amakuru nka drives ikomeye.
. Ikoreshwa mugusaba hamwe nibisabwa byingenzi nkibikoresho byamashanyarazi. Imodoka zikoresha ubu bwoko bwa Magnet rishobora kuba rifite garama zigera kuri 100 za DysProsium kuri Dysprosium. Nk'uko byatangajwe na Toyota yagereranije ibinyabiziga miliyoni 2, bizahita bihungabanya isi ya Dysprosium. Magnets yasimbuwe na Dysprorium nayo ifite imbaraga nyinshi.
. Niba DysPrusium yongeweho nkumu promore yumurongo wa Ferrioxide Ammonia Synthesis, ibikorwa bya katailtike nubushyuhe bwumusemburo birashobora kunozwa. DysProsium oxide irashobora gukoreshwa nka ferkurufika yimpano ndende, hamwe nuburyo bwa MG0-BA00N-TI02, bushobora gukoreshwa muri resonator ya lusertric, ibishobora gukoreshwa muyunguruzi, imiyoboro ya directoltric.
Igihe cya nyuma: Aug-23-2023