NikiIsi idasanzwe?
Abantu bafite amateka yimyaka irenga 200 kuva kuvumbura isi mu 1794. Kubera ko muri kiriya gihe cyavumbuwe muri 1794. Kubera ko muri kiriya gihe cyavumbuwe muri 1794. Amateka, insinga nkizo zagaragaye yitwa "isi", niyo mpamvu izina ryisi ridasanzwe.
Mubyukuri, minerval yisi ntabwo ari gake muri kamere. Isi idasanzwe ntabwo isi, ahubwo ni ikintu gisanzwe. Ubwoko bwabwo bukora ni icya kabiri kuri Alkali na Alkaline Ibyuma Byisi. Bafite ibinini byinshi mu bukene hagati y'umuringa, Zinc, Amabati, Coballat, na Nikel.
Kugeza ubu, isi idasanzwe yakoreshejwe cyane mu nzego zitandukanye nk'amashanyarazi, perrochemical, metrochemical, metrochemical, na metrourgy, kandi muri buri myaka mirongo itatu, cyangwa muri buri myaka itandatu, umuntu ntashobora gukora nta isi idasanzwe.
Ubushinwa bukungahaye ku isi idasanzwe, urutonde rwa mbere mu rutonde eshatu z'isi: ibigega, igipimo cy'umusaruro, no kohereza hanze. Muri icyo gihe kandi, Ubushinwa kandi nicyo gihugu cyonyine gishobora gutanga imiti rusange 17 idasanzwe, cyane cyane isi yose kandi iremereye kandi iremereye hamwe n'ibikorwa bya gisirikare bikomeye.
Ntibisanzwe isi
Ibintu bidasanzwe byisi bigizwe nibintu bya lanthanide mugihe cyigihe cyimiti:lanthanam(LA),cerium(GC),Praseodymium(Pr),Neodymium(Nd), promethium (PM),samariya(Sm),Europium(EU),gadolinium(GD),terbium(Tb),dysprosium(DY),Hollymium(Ho),erbium(Er),Thulium(Tm),ytterbium(Yb),Luthetium(Lu), hamwe nibintu bibiri bifitanye isano rya hafi na Lanhanide:scandium(SC) nayttrium(Y).
ByitwaIsi idasanzwe, amagambo asobanutse nk'isi idasanzwe.
Gutondekanya ibintu bidasanzwe byisi
Byashyizwe mubikorwa kumiterere yumubiri na shimi yibintu:
Umucyo udasanzwe wisi:Scaneri
Ibintu biremereye byisi:GADOLIMINUM, Terium, Dysgrosium, Holly, Ermium, Thulium, ytterbium, Lutetium
Byashyizwe mubikorwa nkibiranga amabuye y'agaciro:
Itsinda rya Cerium:Lanthanum, Ceseoodymium, Neodymium, PrometThuium, Samariya, Europium
Itsinda rya yttrium:GADOLIMium, Terium, Dysgrosium, Holly, Ermium, Thulium, Ytterbium, Lutetium, Scanetium, Ytrituum
Gutondekanya no Gutandukana Gutandukana:
Umucyo udasanzwe (P204 DENKTIONSIT nkeya yo gukuramo): Lanthanum, Cerium, Praseodymium, Neodymium
Hagati y'isi (P204 Gukuramo aside hasi):Samariya, Europium, Gadolinium, Terbium, Dysprosium
Isi idasanzwe (gukuramo acide muri P204):Hollymium, Erbium, Thulium, ytterbium, Luthetium, yttrium
Imitungo y'ibintu bidasanzwe byisi
Imishinga irenga 50 yisi idasanzwe yisi ifitanye isano nuburyo bwihariye bwa 4f yihariye 4f, bigatuma bikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho gakondo nibikoresho bishya byikoranabuhanga.
4f electron orbit
1.. Imiti yumubiri na shimi
★ ifite imitungo igaragara; Ni ifeza ni feseodymium na neodymium, bigaragara ko umuhondo
Amabara meza ya oxide
★ Shyira ibice bihamye hamwe na siday
★ icyuma gishya
Byoroshye kuri okiside mu kirere
Ibintu 2 bya Optoelectronic
★ UNMIED 4F Yuzuye, aho 4f electron yakingiwe na electron yo hanze, bikaviramo amagambo atandukanye ningufu
Iyo 4f electrons yinzibacyuho, irashobora gukuramo imirasire yuburebure butandukanye kuva ultraviolet, bigaragara mu turere twambaye, bigatuma bikwiranye nkibikoresho bya mirongo
Umuyoboro mwiza, ushoboye gutegura ibyuma bidasanzwe byisi ukoresheje uburyo bwa electrolysis
Uruhare rwa electron ya 4f y'ibintu bidasanzwe byisi mubikoresho bishya
1.Indirimbo zikoresha ibintu 4f ibintu bya elegitoronike
★ 4F Electron Spin Gahunda:Kugaragara nkubukuru bukomeye - bukwiye bwo gukoresha ibikoresho bya rukuruzi bihoraho, MRI Ibikoresho bya Magneti, Magnendu, SuperconduCER, nibindi
★ 4F orbital electron: Kugaragara nkibintu bya Luminescent - bikwiye gukoreshwa nkibikoresho bya mirongo ihindagurika nka fosifori, laser, amplifiers, ibinyomoro bya fibre, nibindi
Inzozi za elegitoronike mu rwego rwa 4F ziyobora Itsinda: Zigaragara nkibintu byamabara - Bikwiranye n'amabara no Gutesha agaciro Ibice bishyushye, Pigment, amavuta, ibirahure, nibindi
2 Bifitanye isano itaziguye na 4f Electron, ukoresheje Ionic Radius, kwishyuza na shimi
Ibiranga kirimbuzi:
In Nedonal Neutronal Yinjira Mu gice cyambukiranya - Bikwiye Gukoresha nkibikoresho byubaka bya reacrates za kirimbuzi, nibindi
Consorten nini ya Neutron Cross Igice - Birakwiye kubikoresho byo gukingira bya Reactors, nibindi
Isi idasanzwe Ionic Radius, kwishyuza, imiti yumubiri na shimi:
Inkunga ya Lattice, Radiyo isa, imiti minini, ibirego bitandukanye - bikwiye gushyushya, umusemburo, nyakwigendera, nibindi
Ibikoresho byubaka - bikwiye gukoreshwa nka hydrogen kubika alloy cathode, ibikoresho byo kwinjiza microwave, nibindi
Electro Optical Optical Optical Optical Opticalic Numutungo - Birakwiye Gukoresha nkibikoresho bya modulation
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jul-06-2023