Nanotehnologiya na Nanomateriali: Nanometero Titanium Dioxyde mu kwisiga izuba

Nanotehnologiya na Nanomateriali: Nanometero Titanium Dioxyde mu kwisiga izuba

Amagambo asubiramo

Imirasire igera kuri 5% irasa nizuba ifite imirasire ya ultraviolet ifite uburebure bwumurongo ≤400 nm. Imirasire ya ultraviolet mumirasire yizuba irashobora kugabanywamo: imirasire miremire ya ultraviolet ifite uburebure bwa 320 nm ~ 400 nm, bita A-ultraviolet imirasire (UVA); Imirasire ya ultraviolet iringaniye ifite uburebure bwa 290 nm kugeza kuri 320 nm bita imirasire ya B yo mu bwoko bwa ultraviolet (UVB) naho imirasire ngufi ya ultraviolet ifite uburebure bwa 200 nm kugeza 290 nm bita imirasire ya C yo mu bwoko bwa ultraviolet.

Bitewe n'uburebure bwayo buke n'imbaraga nyinshi, imirasire ya ultraviolet ifite imbaraga zo gusenya, zishobora kwangiza uruhu rwabantu, zigatera umuriro cyangwa izuba, kandi bikabyara kanseri y'uruhu. UVB nimpamvu nyamukuru itera uruhu no gutwika izuba.

1. Ihame ryo gukingira imirasire ya ultraviolet hamwe na nano TiO2

TiO _ 2 ni N-ubwoko bwa semiconductor. Imiterere ya kristu ya nano-TiO _ 2 ikoreshwa mu kwisiga izuba ryizuba muri rusange ni rutile, kandi ubugari bwayo bwabujijwe ni 3.0 eV Iyo imirasire ya UV ifite uburebure buri munsi ya 400nm irasa TiO _ 2, electron kumurongo wa valence irashobora gukurura imirasire ya UV kandi igashimishwa no umurongo wogutwara, hamwe na electron-umwobo byombi bibyara icyarimwe, TiO _ 2 rero ifite umurimo wo gukurura imirasire ya UV. Nubunini buto nuduce twinshi, Ibi byongera cyane amahirwe yo guhagarika cyangwa guhagarika imirasire ya ultraviolet.

2. Ibiranga nano-TiO2 mu kwisiga izuba

2.1

Gukingira UV hejuru

Ubushobozi bwo gukingira ultraviolet bwo kwisiga izuba ryerekanwa nikintu cyo kurinda izuba (agaciro ka SPF), kandi agaciro ka SPF niko keza, niko ingaruka zizuba zuba. Ikigereranyo cyingufu zisabwa kugirango habeho erythma ntoya igaragara kuruhu rusize hamwe nizuba ryizuba ningufu zisabwa kugirango habeho erythma yo murwego rumwe kuruhu rudafite ibicuruzwa bitanga izuba.

Nkuko nano-TiO2 ikurura kandi ikwirakwiza imirasire ya ultraviolet, ifatwa nkizuba ryiza cyane ryizuba ryimbere mugihugu ndetse no mumahanga. Muri rusange, ubushobozi bwa nano-TiO2 bwo gukingira UVB bwikubye inshuro 3-4 ubwa nano-ZnO.

2.2

Ingano yingirakamaro

Ubushobozi bwo gukingira ultraviolet ya nano-TiO2 bugenwa nubushobozi bwayo bwo kwinjiza no gusasa. Gutoya ingano yumwimerere ya nano-TiO2, niko imbaraga za ultraviolet zinjira. Dukurikije amategeko ya Rayleigh yo gukwirakwiza urumuri, hari ubunini bwumwimerere bwiza bwubushobozi bwo gukwirakwiza nano-TiO2 kugeza imirasire ya ultraviolet ifite uburebure butandukanye. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana kandi ko uburebure bwumurambararo wa ultraviolet imirasire, Ubushobozi bwo gukingira nano-TiO 2 biterwa cyane nubushobozi bwayo bwo gutatanya; Mugihe kigufi cyumuraba, niko gukingira kwinshi biterwa nubushobozi bwo kwinjiza.

2.3

Gukwirakwiza neza no gukorera mu mucyo

Ingano yumwimerere ya nano-TiO2 iri munsi ya 100 nm, munsi yuburebure bwumucyo ugaragara. Mubyukuri, nano-TiO2 irashobora kohereza urumuri rugaragara iyo rwatatanye rwose, bityo ruragaragara. Kubera gukorera mu mucyo kwa nano-TiO2, ntabwo bizapfuka uruhu iyo byongewemo kwisiga izuba. Kubwibyo, irashobora kwerekana ubwiza bwuruhu rusanzwe.Ubwisanzure ni kimwe mubipimo byingenzi bya nano-TiO2 mumavuta yo kwisiga yizuba. Mubyukuri, nano-TiO 2 iragaragara ariko ntigaragara neza muburyo bwo kwisiga bwizuba ryizuba, kubera ko nano-TiO2 ifite uduce duto, ubuso bunini bwihariye hamwe nimbaraga zo hejuru cyane, kandi biroroshye gukora igiteranyo, bityo bikagira ingaruka kubitandukanya no gukorera mu mucyo ibicuruzwa.

2.4

Kurwanya ikirere cyiza

Nano-TiO 2 yo kwisiga izuba ryizuba risaba guhangana nikirere runaka (cyane cyane kurwanya urumuri). Kubera ko nano-TiO2 ifite uduce duto n'ibikorwa byinshi, bizabyara ibice bibiri bya elegitoronike nyuma yo gukuramo imirasire ya ultraviolet, kandi ibice bimwe na bimwe bya elegitoronike byimuka hejuru, bikavamo ogisijeni ya atome na hydroxyl radicals mumazi yamamajwe hejuru yubuso. nano-TiO2, ifite imbaraga za okiside ikomeye.Bizatera ibara ryibicuruzwa numunuko kubera kubora ibirungo. Kubwibyo, kimwe cyangwa byinshi byigunze byo kwigunga, nka silika, alumina na zirconiya, bigomba gutwikirwa hejuru ya nano-TiO2 kugirango bibuze ibikorwa bya fotokome.

3. Ubwoko niterambere ryiterambere rya nano-TiO2

3.1

Ifu ya Nano-TiO2

Ibicuruzwa bya nano-TiO2 bigurishwa muburyo bwifu yifu, ishobora kugabanywa ifu ya hydrophilique nifu ya lipofilique ukurikije imiterere yubuso bwa nano-TiO2. Ifu ya Hydrophilique ikoreshwa mumavuta yo kwisiga ashingiye kumazi, mugihe ifu ya lipofilique ikoreshwa mumavuta yo kwisiga. Ifu ya Hydrophilique iboneka mubisanzwe bivura hejuru yubutaka.Benshi muribwo ifu ya nano-TiO2 yamahanga yakorewe ubuvuzi bwihariye ukurikije imirima yabisabye.

3.2

Ibara ryuruhu nano TiO2

Kuberako ibice bya nano-TiO2 nibyiza kandi byoroshye gusasa urumuri rwubururu hamwe nuburebure buke bwumucyo mumucyo ugaragara, iyo byongewe mumavuta yo kwisiga yizuba, uruhu ruzerekana amajwi yubururu kandi rusa nabi. Kugirango uhuze ibara ryuruhu, pigment itukura nka okiside ya fer ikunze kongerwamo amavuta yo kwisiga mugihe cyambere. Ariko, kubera itandukaniro ryubucucike nubushuhe hagati ya nano-TiO2 _ 2 na okiside ya fer, amabara areremba akenshi abaho.

4. Imiterere yumusaruro wa nano-TiO2 mubushinwa

Ubushakashatsi buciriritse kuri nano-TiO2 _ 2 mu Bushinwa burakora cyane, kandi urwego rwubushakashatsi bwerekanwe rugeze ku rwego rwisi ku isi, ariko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe nubushakashatsi bwubuhanga burasubira inyuma, kandi ibisubizo byinshi byubushakashatsi ntibishobora guhinduka mubicuruzwa byinganda. Umusaruro w’inganda nano-TiO2 mu Bushinwa watangiye mu 1997, nyuma yimyaka irenga 10 ugereranije n’Ubuyapani.

Hariho impamvu ebyiri zibuza ubuziranenge nisoko ryo gupiganwa kubicuruzwa bya nano-TiO2 mubushinwa:

Research Ubushakashatsi bwikoranabuhanga bukoreshwa bukiri inyuma

Ubushakashatsi bwa tekinoroji yubushakashatsi bukeneye gukemura ibibazo byo kongeramo inzira no gusuzuma ingaruka za nano-TiO2 muri sisitemu ikomatanya. Ubushakashatsi bwakoreshejwe kuri nano-TiO2 mubice byinshi ntabwo bwateye imbere neza, kandi ubushakashatsi mubice bimwe na bimwe, nko kwisiga izuba ryizuba, biracyakenewe ko byongerwaho imbaraga. Kubera ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ikoranabuhanga rikoreshwa, Ubushinwa nano-TiO2 _ 2 ntishobora gukora ibirango byujuje ibisabwa byihariye byimirima itandukanye.

Technology Ubuhanga bwo kuvura hejuru ya nano-TiO2 bukeneye ubundi bushakashatsi

Ubuvuzi bwo hejuru burimo kuvura imiterere idasanzwe no kuvura ibinyabuzima. Tekinoroji yo gutunganya isura igizwe na formulaire yo kuvura hejuru, tekinoroji yo kuvura hejuru nibikoresho byo gutunganya hejuru.

5. Ijambo risoza

Gukorera mu mucyo, gukingira ultraviolet, gukwirakwiza no kurwanya urumuri rwa nano-TiO2 mu mavuta yo kwisiga yizuba ni ibipimo ngenderwaho bya tekiniki kugirango hamenyekane ubuziranenge bwabyo, kandi uburyo bwo guhuza hamwe nuburyo bwo kuvura hejuru ya nano-TiO2 nurufunguzo rwo kumenya ibyo bipimo bya tekiniki.