Neodymium ni kimwe mu bikoresho bikoreshwa cyane ku isi

Mu 1839, Suwede CGMosander yavumbuye imvange ya lanthanum (lan) na praseodymium (pu) na neodymium (nǚ).

Nyuma yibyo, abahanga mu bya shimi ku isi hose bitaye cyane ku gutandukanya ibintu bishya n’ibintu bidasanzwe byavumbuwe ku isi.

Mu 1885, AVWelsbach, umunya Otirishiya, yavumbuye praseodymium na neodymium ivanze na praseodymium na neodymium Mossander yabonaga ko ari "ibintu bishya". Umwe muri bo yitwaga neodymium, nyuma yaje koroshya Neodymium. Ikimenyetso Nd ni neodymium.

Neodymium, praseodymium, gadolinium (gá) na samarium (shan) byose byatandukanijwe na didymium, byafatwaga nkibintu bidasanzwe byisi muri kiriya gihe. Kubera kuvumbura kwabo, didymium ntikibikwa. Nubuvumbuzi bwabo bwugurura umuryango wa gatatu kuvumbura ibintu bidasanzwe byisi kandi nicyiciro cya gatatu cyo kuvumbura ibintu bidasanzwe byisi. Ariko iki ni kimwe cya kabiri cyakazi murwego rwa gatatu.Byukuri, irembo rya cerium rigomba gukingurwa cyangwa gutandukanya cerium birangiye, ikindi gice kigomba gukingurwa cyangwa gutandukanya yttrium birangiye.

Neodymium, ikimenyetso cy’imiti Nd, icyuma cyera cya feza, ni kimwe mu byuma bidasanzwe by’ubutaka bidasanzwe, bifite aho bishonga bya 1024 ° C, ubucucike bwa 7.004 g /㎝, na paramagnetism.

Ikoreshwa nyamukuru:

Neodymium yabaye ahantu hashyushye kumasoko imyaka myinshi kubera umwanya wihariye mubijyanye nubutaka budasanzwe. Umukoresha munini wicyuma cya neodymium ni NdFeB ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho. Kuza kwa NdFeB magnesi zihoraho byinjije imbaraga nshya mubutaka budasanzwe buhanga-buhanga. Magnet ya NdFeB yitwa "umwami wa magnesi zihoraho" kubera umusaruro mwinshi wa magneti.Bikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki, imashini nizindi nganda kugirango bikore neza.

Neodymium nayo ikoreshwa mubikoresho bidafite ferrous. Ongeramo 1.5-2.5% neodymium kuri magnesium cyangwa aluminiyumu irashobora kunoza imikorere yubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ubukana bwikirere hamwe no kurwanya ruswa ya aliyumu, kandi ikoreshwa cyane nkibikoresho byo mu kirere.

Byongeye kandi, neodymium-yuzuye yttrium aluminium garnet itanga urumuri rugufi rwa lazeri, rukoreshwa cyane mugusudira no gukata ibikoresho bito bifite uburebure buri munsi ya 10mm mu nganda.

Mu buvuzi, Nd: YAG laser ikoreshwa mugukuraho kubaga cyangwa kwanduza ibikomere aho kuba scalpel. Neodymium ikoreshwa kandi mu kurangi ibirahuri n'ibikoresho bya ceramique kandi nk'inyongera ku bicuruzwa bya reberi.

Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi nubuhanga no kwaguka no kwagura isi idasanzwe yubumenyi nikoranabuhanga, neodymium izaba ifite umwanya mugari wo gukoresha.

Neodymium (Nd) nicyuma kidasanzwe cyisi. Umuhondo wijimye, byoroshye okiside mu kirere, bikoreshwa mu gukora amavuta n'ibirahure bya optique.

Hamwe no kuvuka kwa praseodymium, neodymium yabayeho. Kuza kwa neodymium byatumye umurima w'isi udasanzwe, ugira uruhare runini mu murima w'isi udasanzwe, kandi wagize ingaruka ku isoko ridasanzwe ry'isi.

Gukoresha Neodymium: Ikoreshwa mugukora ubukerarugendo, ikirahuri cyijimye cyijimye, rubavu yubukorikori muri laser hamwe nikirahure kidasanzwe gishobora gushungura imirasire yimirasire. Byakoreshejwe hamwe na praseodymium kugirango ukore amadarubindi yerekana ibirahuri. Mich icyuma gikoreshwa mugukora ibyuma nacyo kirimo 18% neodymium.

Neodymium oxyde Nd2 O3; Uburemere bwa molekile ni 336.40; Ifu ikomeye ya Lavender, byoroshye kwibasirwa nigitonyanga, kwinjiza dioxyde de carbone mukirere, kudashonga mumazi, gushonga muri acide organique. Ubucucike bugereranije ni 7.24. Ahantu ho gushonga ni 1900 and, kandi okiside ya valence yo hejuru ya neodymium irashobora gukorwa mugice cyo gushyushya umwuka.

Gukoresha: Byakoreshejwe mugukora ibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho, amabara yikirahure na ceramika nibikoresho bya laser.

Nanometer neodymium oxyde nayo ikoreshwa muguhindura ibirahuri nibikoresho bya ceramic, ibicuruzwa bya reberi ninyongera.

Pr-nd icyuma; Inzira ya molekulari ni Pr-Nd; Ibyiza: Ifeza-imvi yumutuku, icyuma cyoroshye, byoroshye okiside mumyuka. Intego: Ahanini ikoreshwa nkibikoresho bya magneti bihoraho.

Umuti urinda neodymium ufite uburakari bukabije kumaso no mu mucyo, kurakara ku ruhu, no guhumeka nabyo bishobora gutera indwara ya embolisme yumwijima no kwangiza umwijima.

Igikorwa:

Kurakaza amaso, uruhu, ururenda hamwe nu myanya y'ubuhumekero.

Igisubizo:

1. Guhumeka: va kurubuga umwuka mwiza. Niba guhumeka bigoye, tanga ogisijeni. Shakisha ubuvuzi.

2. Guhuza amaso: Kura ijisho hanyuma ukarabe n'amazi atemba cyangwa saline isanzwe. Shakisha ubuvuzi.

3. Guhuza uruhu: Kuramo imyenda yanduye hanyuma woge n'amazi atemba.

4. Kurya: Kunywa amazi menshi ashyushye kugirango uruke. Shakisha ubuvuzi.

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