Gutegura ibyuma bidasanzwe byisi

Gutegura ibyuma bidasanzwe byisi

Umusaruro w'isi udasanzwe uzwi kandi ku isi idasanzwe ya PyrometUrical umusaruro.Ntibisanzwe Ibyuma ByisiMuri rusange bigabanijwemo ibyuma bidasanzwe byisi nibice byisi bidasanzwe. Ibigize ibyuma bivanze byisi bisa nibisobanuro byisi byumwimerere muburyo butaziguye mu kibatsi, kandi icyuma kimwe gitandukanijwe kandi gitungwa na buri isi idasanzwe. Biragoye kugabanya imifuka idasanzwe yisi (usibye okiside ya Samariya, Europium, ytterbium, na thulium) ukoresheje uburyo rusange bukoresheje uburyo rusange bwo gushiraho, kubera ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo gushinga hamwe no gushikama cyane. Kubwibyo, ibikoresho bikunze gukoreshwa kubikoresho byatanga umusaruro wisi bidasanzwe ni chlorides zabo.

(1) umunyu washongesheje bya electrolysis

Umusaruro rusange wo kuvangwa nisico yisi mu nganda muri rusange ikoresha uburyo bwa electrolysis. Ubu buryo bukubiyemo gushyushya isi no gushonga ibice byisi bidasanzwe nka chlodie idasanzwe, hanyuma electrolysise ikumirwa nisi idahwitse kuri Cathode. Hariho uburyo bubiri bwa electrolysis: chloride electrolysis na oxide electrolysis. Uburyo bwo gutegura bwisi imwe yisi yisi iratandukanye bitewe nibintu. Samariya, Europium, ytterbium, kandi inkumi ntabwo ikwiriye kwitegura electrolytic bitewe n'umuvuduko ukabije w'imyuka, ahubwo niteguye gukoresha uburyo bwo kugabanya imyanda. Ibindi bintu birashobora gutegurwa na electrolysis cyangwa uburyo bwo kugabanya amashanyarazi.

Chloride electrolysise nuburyo busanzwe bwo gukora imyanda, cyane cyane kubera ibyuma bidasanzwe byisi. Inzira yoroshye, ingirakamaro-ihengane, kandi isaba ishoramari rito. Ariko, ibisubizo bikomeye ni irekurwa rya gaze ya chlorine, yanduza ibidukikije.

Oxide electrolysis ntabwo irekura imyuka yangiza, ariko ikiguzi kiri hejuru. Mubisanzwe, igiciro cyinshi cyisi imwe n'isi nkurugero na neodymium na praseodymium byakozwe ukoresheje oxide electrolysis.

(2) uburyo bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe

Uburyo bwa electrolysis burashobora gutegura gusa amanota rusange yinganda ntangarugero yisi. Gutegura ibyuma bifite umwanda nke no kweza cyane, uburyo bwo kugabanya ubushyuhe bwa vacuum burakoreshwa muri rusange. Mubisanzwe, okide yisi idasanzwe ikorwa bwa mbere kwisi ku isi, igabanuka na calcium metallic mumatanura ya vacuum kugirango ubone ibyuma. Noneho, baribukwa kandi bakaba bakururwa kugirango babone ibyuma byera. Ubu buryo burashobora gutanga imiyoboro yose yisi yose, ariko samarimu, Europium, ytterbium, na thulium ntishobora gukoreshwa.

Kugabanya ibinyamiro ubushobozi bwaSamariya, Europium, ytterbium, thuliumna Calcium yagabanije igice gusa isi idasanzwe. Mubisanzwe, izi byuma zitegurwa ukoresheje ihame ryumuvuduko mwinshi wiyi sitch nimbaraga zidafite umwuka, no kuvangura ibyuma bya Lanthanum, no kubigabanya mu itanura rya vacuum. Lanthanamni ukora.Samariya, Europium, ytterbium, na thuliumbagabanutse na Lanthanum muri Zahabu kandi bakusanira kuri Condenser, biroroshye gutandukana no gusebanya.

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