Erbium, Atomic Umubare wa 68, uherereye mu karundi ka 6, Itsinda rya III) nimero ya 11, uburemere bwa atomic 167.26, kandi izina ry'amatora rikomoka mu buvumbuzi bw'isi ya Ytrium.
Erbiumifite ibikubiyemo 0.000247% mubukorikori kandi buboneka muri benshiIsi idasanzweamabuye y'agaciro. Irahari mu rutare runini kandi irashobora kuboneka na electrolysis no gushonga ercl3. Ihuza nibindi byinshi-bidasanzwe byisi ibintu muri yttrium fosifate numukaraIsi idasanzweKubitsa zahabu.
IonicIsi idasanzweAmabuye y'agaciro: Jiangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Hunan, Guangxi, n'ibindi mu Bushinwa. Fosiphorus ytrium ore: Maleziya, GuangXi, Guangdong, Ubushinwa. Monazite: Uturere tw'akarere ka Ositaraliya, uturere tw'Ubuhinde, Guangang, Ubushinwa, n'akarere ka Tayiwani.
Kuvumbura amateka
Yavumbuwe mu 1843
Imyitozo yo kuvumbura: Yavumbuwe na CG Mosander mu 1843. Mu bwaso bwita umuringa wa terbium ya erbium, bityo mu bitabo hakiri kare,terbium oxidenaerbium oxidebavanze. Nyuma ya 1860 ako gakosorwa byari ngombwa.
Mugihe kimwe no kuvumburalanthanam, Mossandre yasesenguye kandi yiga Mttriam yavumbuye mbere, kandi atanga raporo mu 1842, asobanura ko WTRIAD isi yavumbuye mbere yavumbuye ibtrike yavukiye atari umuringa umwe, ahubwo yari okiside y'ibintu bitatu. Yaragihamagaye umwe muri bo Yetrium Isi, kandi umwe muri bo Erbia (erbiumIsi). Ikimenyetso cya Element cyagenwe nkuko ER. Guvumbura Erbium n'ibindi bintu bibiri,lanthanamnaterbium, yafunguye umuryango wa kabiri kugirango avumburweIsi idasanzweIbintu, byerekana icyiciro cya kabiri cyo kuvumbura. Kuvumbura kwabo kwari kuvumbura bitatuIsi idasanzweibintu nyuma yibintu bibiriceriumnayttrium.
Iboneza rya elegitoroni
Imiterere ya elegitoronike:
1S2 2S2 2P6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5p6 5p6 5p6 5p6 6f 4f 4f12
Ingufu za mbere ionisation ni 6.10 electron. Imitungo minini kandi yumubiri irasa na holly na dysprosium.
Isotopraho ya Erbium ikubiyemo: 162Er, 164er, 166er, 167er, 168er, 170er.
Ibyuma
Erbiumni ifeza yera, yoroshye muburyo, ihungabanye mumazi no gushonga muri acide. Umunyu na oxides ni umutuku kumutuku mumabara. Gushonga Ingingo 1529 ° C, Ingingo itetse 2863 ° C, Ubucucike 9.006 G / CM ³.
Erbiumni antiferoromagnetic ku bushyuhe buke, Ferromagnetic hafi ya zeru zuzuye, kandi ni superconductor.
ErbiumBuhoro buhoro imyanda n'amazi mu bushyuhe bwicyumba, bikaviramo ibara ry'umutuku.
Gusaba:
OxideER2O3ni ibara ry'umutuku ryakoreshejwe mu gukora ibumba ryatsi.Erbium oxideikoreshwa mu nganda za ceramic kugirango itange etamel yijimye.
ErbiumIfite kandi porogaramu zimwe munganda za kirimbuzi kandi zirashobora gukoreshwa nkibisobanuro kubindi bishanga. Kurugero, dopingerbiummuri Vayadium irashobora kuzamura umubungeri.
Kugeza ubu, ikoreshwa cyaneerbiumni mu gukoraerbiumIbikorwa bya fibre fiblifiers (EDFAS). Ibiryo bya kait fiblifier (EDFA) byateguwe bwa mbere na kaminuza ya Southampton mu 1985. Ni kimwe mubyakomojwe bikomeye muri fibre optique itumanaho kandi bishobora no kuvugwa ko ari "sitasiyo ya gazi"ErbiumFreetes fibre nintangiriro ya amplifier ugira umubare muto w'isi idasanzwe y'isi erbium ion (er3 +) muri quartz fibre ya quartz. Gukora imbaga icumi ya ppm ya Erbium in Optique irashobora kwishyura igihombo cya optique muri sisitemu yo gutumanaho.ErbiumIGIHE CYIZA CYIZA CY'AMAFARANGA NKUKO "Sitasiyo ya" Kuvoma ", yemerera ibimenyetso bya optique bigomba gutangwa kuri sitasiyo ndende-ndende, bityo ikomatanya-yihuta, kandi yihuta-yihuta.
Indi porogaramuerbiumni laser, cyane cyane nkibikoresho bya laser.Erbiumlaser ni lap-leta ikomeye ya laser hamwe nuburebure bwa 29400, bishobora kwishora mu modoka y'amazi mu ngingo, kugera ku bisubizo bifatika n'imbaraga nke. Irashobora gukata neza, gusya, no gutanga imyenda yoroshye. Erbium yag laser nayo ikoreshwa mugukuramo cataraction.ErbiumIbikoresho bya Laser bifungura bigenda bikomeza gusaba imirima ya Laser.
Erbiumirashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkion ikora ion yisi idasanzwe yisi hejuru yibikoresho bya laser.ErbiumIbikoresho byo hejuru bya laser birashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: Crystal imwe (fleoride, ya ogisijeri ikubiyemo (yaf 4 + Bayf5: YB3 +, ER3 + irashobora guhindura urumuri rwashizweho mu mucyo ugaragara, kandi iyi migwindon upconversion ibikoresho bya Luminescent byakoreshejwe neza mubyerekezo bya Vision.
Igihe cyagenwe: Ukwakira-25-2023