Ni izihe ngaruka ku nganda zidasanzwe mu Bushinwa, nkakugabanura ingufu?

Vuba aha, mu rwego rwo gutanga amashanyarazi akomeye, hatanzwe amatangazo menshi yo kugabanya amashanyarazi mu gihugu hose, kandi inganda z’ibyuma by’ibanze n’ibyuma bidasanzwe kandi by’agaciro byagize ingaruka ku buryo butandukanye. Mu nganda zidasanzwe ku isi, humvikanye firime nke. Muri Hunan na Jiangsu, inganda zidasanzwe zo gushonga no gutandukanya hamwe n’inganda zitunganya imyanda zahagaritse umusaruro, kandi igihe cyo kongera umusaruro ntikiramenyekana.Hariho inganda zimwe na zimwe zikoreshwa mu rukuruzi i Ningbo zihagarika umusaruro umunsi umwe mu cyumweru, ariko ingaruka zikaba nke umusaruro ni muto. Inganda nyinshi zidasanzwe ku isi muri Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi n'ahandi zikora bisanzwe. Igabanuka ry'amashanyarazi muri Mongoliya Imbere rimaze amezi atatu, kandi impuzandengo yo kugabanya amashanyarazi igera kuri 20% y'amasaha yose y'akazi. Inganda zimwe na zimwe ntoya za magnetique zahagaritse umusaruro, mugihe umusaruro winganda nini zidasanzwe zisanzwe mubusanzwe.

Ibigo byashyizwe ku rutonde byitabiriye kugabanya amashanyarazi:

Baotou Steel Co., Ltd. yerekanye ku rubuga rw’imikoranire ko hakurikijwe ibisabwa n’inzego zibishinzwe z’akarere kigenga, hateganijwe ingufu nke n’umusaruro muke kuri sosiyete, ariko ingaruka ntizihagije. Ibyinshi mu bikoresho byacukuwe ni ibikoresho bikoreshwa na peteroli, kandi kugabanya amashanyarazi nta ngaruka bigira ku musaruro w’isi udasanzwe.

Jinli Permanent Magnet yavuze kandi ku mbuga nkoranyambaga ko umusaruro n’isosiyete ikora muri iki gihe ari ibisanzwe, bifite amabwiriza ahagije mu ntoki no gukoresha neza ubushobozi bw’umusaruro. Kugeza ubu, uruganda rukora uruganda rwa Ganzhou ntirwahagaritse umusaruro cyangwa umusaruro muke kubera igabanuka ry’amashanyarazi, kandi imishinga ya Baotou na Ningbo ntabwo yigeze igira ingaruka ku igabanuka ry’amashanyarazi, kandi imishinga iratera imbere bikurikije gahunda.

Ku ruhande rw’ibicuruzwa, Miyanimari idasanzwe y’ubutaka iracyashobora kwinjira mu Bushinwa, kandi igihe cyo gutumiza gasutamo ntikiramenyekana; Ku isoko ryimbere mu gihugu, ibigo bimwe na bimwe byahagaritse umusaruro kubera abagenzuzi bashinzwe kurengera ibidukikije byongeye umusaruro, ariko muri rusange byerekana ingorane zo kugura ibikoresho fatizo. Byongeye kandi, guhagarika amashanyarazi byatumye ibiciro by'ibikoresho bitandukanye bifasha mu gukora isi idasanzwe nka acide na alkalis byazamutse, ibyo bikaba byaragize ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku musaruro w’inganda kandi byongera ingaruka z’abatanga isi idasanzwe.

Kuruhande rwibisabwa, ibicuruzwa byibikoresho bya magnetiki bikora cyane bikomeza gutera imbere, mugihe icyifuzo cyibikoresho bya magnetique yo mu rwego rwo hasi byerekanaga ibimenyetso byo kugabanuka. Igiciro cyibikoresho fatizo ni kinini, biragoye kohereza mubigo bikwiranye. Ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bya magnetiki ibigo bihitamo kugabanya cyane umusaruro kugirango uhangane ningaruka.

Kugeza ubu, amasoko n'ibisabwa ku isoko ridasanzwe ku isi biragenda byiyongera, ariko igitutu ku ruhande rutanga kiragaragara cyane, kandi muri rusange uko ibintu bimeze ni uko itangwa ridahagije, bikaba bigoye guhinduka mu gihe gito.

Gucuruza ku isoko ridasanzwe ku isi biracyafite intege nke muri iki gihe, kandi ibiciro bizamuka gahoro gahoro, cyane cyane hamwe n’ubutaka buciriritse kandi buremereye nka terbium, dysprosium, gadolinium na holmium, mu gihe ibicuruzwa by’ubutaka bidasanzwe nka praseodymium na neodymium biri mu nzira ihamye. Biteganijwe ko ibiciro bidasanzwe byisi bizakomeza kugira umwanya wo kuzamuka mu mwaka.

Umwaka-ku-munsi igiciro cya praseodymium oxyde.

Umwaka-ku-munsi igiciro cya terbium oxyde

Umwaka-ku-munsi dysprosium oxyde igiciro.