Uburyo bwo mu kirere nuburyo bwa okiside bukoresha ogisijeni mu kirere kugirango okisideceriumkuri tetravani na bimwe mubihe bimwe. Ubu buryo bukubiyemo kwizirika fluocarbon cerium ore kwibanda, isi idasanzwe, na karubone mu kirere cyoroshye) cyangwa ngo itere umwuka wisi) cyangwa ngo umenyekane umwuka wisi) cyangwa ngo wirinde umwuka) kuri okiside.
1, okiside yotsa
Gukabya cerium ya fluorocarbon yibanda mu kirere saa kumi 500 ℃ cyangwa ngo yiketsa isi ya Baiyunebo idasanzwe yibanda kuri sodium karubone mu kirere saa mu 600-700 ℃. Mugihe cyo kuboneza urubyaro rwisi, cerium mumabuye y'agaciro ni okiside yo gucuranga. Uburyo bwo GutandukanyaceriumKuva mubicuruzwa bibarwa birimo isi idasanzwe sulfate uburyo bubiri bwumunyu, uburyo bwo gukuramo solven, nibindi.
Usibye okiside yotsaIsi idasanzweWibande, umunyu nka sida idasanzwe kandi udasanzwe wisi karubone zirimo kubora mu kirere, kandi Cerium ari okiside igana umuyobozi mukuru. Kugirango umenye neza ko uvanze h'isi idasanzwe yisi yabonetse mu koroka, ubushyuhe bwo guswera ntibukwiye kuba hejuru cyane, ubusanzwe hagati ya 700 na 800 ℃. Oxide irashobora gushonga muri 1-1.5Mol / l sulfurike igisubizo cyangwa 4-5Mol / l nitcid igisubizo. Mugihe cyo gushushanya amabuye hamwe na aside sulfuric na aside ya nitric, cerium yinjira cyane cyane yinjira mu gisubizo muburyo bwa tetrakile. Ibyambere bikubiyemo kubona isi idasanzwe yo kunyerera birimo 50g / l reo ahagana muri 45 ℃, hanyuma bigatanga ibya dioxyde de mu buryo bwo gukuramo p204; Aba nyuma barimo gutegura isi idasanzwe nitrate ikubiyemo reo ya 150-200g / l ku bushyuhe bwa 80-85 ℃, hanyuma bakoresheje igituba kugirango batandukane na cerium.
Iyo intama zidasanzwe zishonga hamwe na acide sulfuric decide cyangwa acide ya nitric, chao2 ni ihungabana. Kubwibyo, acide ntoya ya mydrouooric igomba kongerwaho kubisubizo nkumusemburo mugice cya nyuma cyo gusenyuka kugarura abategetsi.
2, okiside yumye
Shira isi idasanzwe yisi mugitambamo cyumye hanyuma ukabimambira munsi yibintu bihumeka kuri 100-120 ℃ kumasaha 16-24. Imyitwarire ya okiside ni izi zikurikira:
4CE) 3 + O2 + 2H2O = 4CE (OH) 4
Igipimo cya Okiside cya Cerium kirashobora kugera kuri 97%. Niba ubushyuhe bwa okiside bwongerewe kuri 140 ℃, igihe cya okiside kirashobora kugabanywa amasaha 4-6, kandi igipimo cya okiside cya cerium kirashobora kandi kugera kuri 97% ~ 98%. Inzira yumuyaga yumye itanga umukungugu munini nubukene buke, ubu bukoreshwa cyane muri laboratoire.
3, intore zo mu kirere
Kuvanga isi idasanzwe hamwe namazi kugirango akore ikiruhuko, kugenzura reo kwibanda kuri 85-5-0.30 Mugihe cya okiside, guhumeka ni manini, bityo amazi runaka agomba kwiyongera igihe icyo aricyo cyose kugirango akomeze kwibanda ku isi idasanzwe. Iyo 40l yo gutandukana muri buri cyiciro, igihe cya okiside ni amasaha 4-5, kandi igipimo cya okiside cya cerium kirashobora kugera kuri 98%. Iyo 8m3 yisi idasanzwe hydroxide ya okiside buri gihe, igipimo cyikirere ni 8-12m3 / min, kandi igihe cya okiside cyiyongereye kuri 15h, igipimo cya okiside gishobora kugera kuri 97% ~ 98%.
Ibiranga uburyo bwo mu kirere butose bwo mu kirere butoha ni: Igipimo kinini cya Ceride, ibisohoka byinshi, imikorere myiza, imikorere yoroshye, kandi ubu buryo bukoreshwa mu nganda kugirango itange ikibaho cya dioxyde derium.
4, kotswa urusaku rworoshye
Munsi yigitutu gisanzwe, okidation yo mu kirere ifata igihe kirekire, kandi abantu bagabanya umwanya wa okiside ukoresheje igitutu. Ubwiyozo bw'ikirere, ni ukuvuga kwiyongera kw'igitutu cy'igice cya ogisijeni muri sisitemu, bifasha gusenya ogisijeni no kwihutisha ogisijeli ku isi, bityo wihutishe inzira ya okide.
Kuvanga isi idasanzwe n'amazi kugera kuri 60g / l, hindura PH kugeza kuri 13 hamwe na sodium hydroxide igera kuri 80 ℃, igenzura ubushyuhe kuri okiside igera kuri 0.4MPA, na okiside isaha 1. Igipimo cya Okiside cya Cerium kirashobora kugera kuri 95%. Mu magambo nyayo, okiside Ibikoresho bibisi bidasanzwe Isi Hydroxide iboneka no guhinduka kwa alkali binyuze mu mvura ya sodium yisi idasanzwe. Kugirango ugabanye inzira, imvura ya idasanzwe yisi ya sodium idasanzwe kandi igisubizo cya alkaline kirashobora kongerwaho ikigega cya okiside, kubuza igitutu nubushyuhe. Ikirere cyangwa ogisijeni gikize karashobora gutangizwa guhindura isi idasanzwe mumunyu utoroshye muri sydroxide idasanzwe, kandi icyarimwe, CEH (OH) 3.
Mu bihe by'urugero, igipimo cya alkali cyumunyu kigoye, igipimo cya okiside cya cerium, hamwe nigipimo cya okiside cya cerium byose byateye imbere. Nyuma yiminota 45 yimyitwarire, igipimo cyo guhindura umunyu wa alkali hamwe nigipimo cya okiside cya cerium cyageze hejuru ya 96%.
Igihe cya nyuma: Gicurasi-09-2023