Inkomoko: Ikigo gishinzwe amakuru ya Cailian
Vuba aha, i Ganzhou ihuriro rya gatatu ry’Ubushinwa Rare ku Isi Urunigi.Umunyamakuru w’ikigo cy’amakuru cya Cailian yize muri iyo nama ko inganda zitezeho icyizere ko izamuka ry’ubutaka budasanzwe muri uyu mwaka, kandi ko riteganya ko hajyaho uburyo bwo kugenzura umubare w’ubutaka budasanzwe ndetse no gukomeza ibiciro by’isi bidasanzwe.Ariko, kubera koroshya inzitizi zitangwa, ibiciro bidasanzwe byisi birashobora gukomeza kugabanuka.
Ibiro ntaramakuru bya Cailian, 29 Werurwe (Umunyamakuru Wang Bin) Igiciro na kwota ni amagambo abiri yingenzi mugutezimbere inganda zidasanzwe kwisi mumyaka mike ishize.Vuba aha, i Ganzhou ihuriro rya gatatu ry’Ubushinwa Rare ku Isi Urunigi.Umunyamakuru w’ikigo cy’amakuru cya Cailian yize muri iyo nama ko inganda zitezeho icyizere ko izamuka ry’ubutaka budasanzwe muri uyu mwaka, kandi ko riteganya ko hajyaho uburyo bwo kugenzura umubare w’ubutaka budasanzwe ndetse no gukomeza ibiciro by’isi bidasanzwe.Ariko, kubera koroshya inzitizi zitangwa, ibiciro byisi bidasanzwe birashobora gukomeza kugabanuka.
Byongeye kandi, impuguke nyinshi muri iyo nama zagaragaje ko inganda zidasanzwe zo mu gihugu zikeneye gutera intambwe mu ikoranabuhanga ry’ibanze.Liu Gang, umwe mu bagize komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura akaba n’umuyobozi wungirije w’Umujyi wa Qiqihar, Intara ya Heilongjiang, yagize ati: “Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa budasanzwe bw’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro no gushonga bwateye imbere ku rwego mpuzamahanga, ariko mu bushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibikoresho bishya bidasanzwe by’ubutaka; nibikoresho byingenzi byo gukora, biracyasigaye inyuma kurwego mpuzamahanga rwateye imbere.Kurenga ku ihagarikwa ry’ipatanti ry’amahanga bizaba ikibazo cy’igihe kirekire gihura n’iterambere ry’inganda zidasanzwe z’Ubushinwa. ”
Ni gake ibiciro by'isi bishobora gukomeza kugabanuka
Yakomeje agira ati: “Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’imyuka ibiri ya karubone ryihutishije iterambere ry’inganda nk’umuyaga w’umuyaga n’imodoka nshya z’ingufu, bituma habaho kwiyongera gukabije kw’ibikoresho bya rukuruzi zihoraho, ahantu hanini cyane hamanuka isi ku isi idasanzwe.Icyakora, mu myaka yashize, ibipimo ngenderwaho byose byo kugenzura isi idasanzwe ku buryo runaka byananiwe kugera ku izamuka ry’ibikomoka ku isoko, kandi ku isoko hari icyuho n’ibisabwa ku isoko. ”Umuntu udasanzwe w'inganda zijyanye n'isi yavuze.
Nk’uko byatangajwe na Chen Zhanheng, umunyamabanga mukuru w’ishyirahamwe ry’inganda zidasanzwe mu Bushinwa, ngo umutungo utangwa wabaye imbogamizi mu iterambere ry’inganda zidasanzwe z’Ubushinwa.Yavuze inshuro nyinshi ko politiki yo kugenzura umubare rusange yabujije cyane iterambere ry’inganda zidasanzwe ku isi, bityo bikaba ngombwa ko duharanira kurekura igenzura ry’imisoro y’amabuye y'agaciro adasanzwe y’ubutaka vuba bishoboka, bigatuma isi idasanzwe. inganda zicukura amabuye y'agaciro nka Rare Earth y'Amajyaruguru na Sichuan Jiangtong gutunganya umusaruro wabo hashingiwe ku bushobozi bwabo bwo kubyaza umusaruro, gutanga ubutare budasanzwe ku isi, no ku isoko.
Ku ya 24 Werurwe, “Amatangazo ku bipimo ngenderwaho byose byo kugenzura umubare w’icyiciro cya mbere cy’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y'agaciro, Guconga, no Gutandukana mu 2023 ″, hasohotse ibipimo ngenderwaho byose byiyongereyeho 18,69% ugereranije n’icyiciro kimwe cyo mu 2022. Wang Ji, Umuyobozi w’ishami ridasanzwe n’igiciro cy’ibiro by’ubumwe bw’ibyuma n’ibyuma bya Shanghai, yahanuye ko umubare w’amabuye y’amabuye y'agaciro, gushonga no gutandukanya icyiciro cya kabiri cy’ibipimo by’ubutaka bidasanzwe uziyongera hafi 10% kugeza kuri 15% mu gice cya kabiri y'umwaka.
Igitekerezo cya Wang Ji ni uko umubano uri hagati yo gutanga no gukenera praseodymium na neodymium wahindutse, uburyo bwo gutanga isoko ya praseodymium na okiside ya neodymium bwaragabanutse, kuri ubu hari ibicuruzwa bitarenze urugero, kandi amabwiriza yatanzwe n’amasosiyete akoresha ibikoresho bya magnetiki yo mu majyepfo atujuje ibyateganijwe. .Ibiciro bya Praseodymium na neodymium amaherezo bikenera inkunga yabaguzi.Kubwibyo, igiciro cyigihe gito cya praseodymium na neodymium kiracyiganjemo ihinduka ridakomeye, kandi ihindagurika ryibiciro bya praseodymium na neodymium oxyde biteganijwe ko ari miliyoni 48-62 / toni.
Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu ishyirahamwe ridasanzwe ry’inganda mu Bushinwa, kugeza ku ya 27 Werurwe, impuzandengo ya oxyde ya praseodymium na neodymium yari 553000 Yuan / toni, ikamanuka 1/3 ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize kandi hafi y’ikigereranyo cyo muri Werurwe 2021. Kandi 2021 ninyungu ihindagurika yinyungu zinganda zose zidasanzwe.Abantu benshi bizera mu nganda ko uduce tumwe na tumwe twagaragaye kugira ngo twiyongere mu gukenera isi idasanzwe ya magneti ihoraho muri uyu mwaka ni ibinyabiziga bishya bitanga ingufu, ibyuma bifata ibyuma bihindura imashanyarazi, hamwe na robo y’inganda, mu gihe utundi turere ahanini tugabanuka.
Liu Jing, Visi Perezida w’Urugaga rw’ibyuma n’ibyuma bya Shanghai, yagaragaje ati: “Ku bijyanye n’amagambo, biteganijwe ko umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere bw’ibicuruzwa mu bijyanye n’ingufu z’umuyaga, ubukonje, na Cs eshatu bizagenda gahoro, gahunda yo gutumiza bizaba bigufi, kandi ibiciro byibikoresho fatizo bizakomeza kuzamuka, mugihe iyakirwa rya terefone rizagenda rigabanuka buhoro buhoro, bikore ihagarara hagati yimpande zombi.Urebye ku bikoresho fatizo, ibitumizwa mu mahanga ndetse n'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro bizakomeza kwiyongera ku buryo runaka, ariko icyizere cy'umuguzi ku isoko ntigihagije. ”
Liu Gang yagaragaje ko mu myaka yashize, hagaragaye izamuka rikomeye ry’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa by’amabuye y'agaciro bidasanzwe ku isi, ibyo bikaba byaratumye izamuka rikabije ry’ibiciro by’umusaruro w’inganda ziva mu nzego z’inganda, igabanuka rikabije. inyungu cyangwa igihombo gikomeye, biganisha ku kubaho "kugabanya umusaruro cyangwa byanze bikunze, gusimburwa cyangwa kutagira gitabara", bigira ingaruka ku iterambere rirambye ry’uruganda rudasanzwe rw’inganda.“Urunigi rudasanzwe rw'inganda rufite imiyoboro myinshi itanga iminyururu, iminyururu ndende, n'impinduka zihuse.Kunoza uburyo bw’ibiciro by’inganda zidasanzwe ku isi ntibifasha gusa kugabanya ibiciro no kongera umusaruro mu nganda, ahubwo binateza imbere guhangana n’inganda. ”
Chen Zhanheng yemera ko igiciro cy'isi idasanzwe gishobora gukomeza kugabanuka.Ati: "Biragoye ko inganda zo hasi zemera igiciro cya oxyde ya praseodymium neodymium irenga 800000 kuri toni, kandi ntabwo byemewe ko inganda zikoresha umuyaga zirenga 600000 kuri toni.Icyamunara iherutse kugurishwa mu isoko ry’imigabane ni ikimenyetso gisobanutse neza: mu bihe byashize, wasangaga abantu bihutira kugura, ariko ubu nta muntu wagura. ”
"Ubucukuzi no gucuruza hejuru" bidashoboka kugarura isi idasanzwe
Ntibisanzwe gutunganya isi birahinduka indi soko yingenzi yo gutanga isi idasanzwe.Wang Ji yagaragaje ko mu 2022, umusaruro wa praseodymium na neodymium wongeye gukoreshwa wagize 42% by’icyuma cya praseodymium na neodymium.Dukurikije imibare yatanzwe na Shanghai Steel Union (300226. SZ), umusaruro w’imyanda ya NdFeB mu Bushinwa uzagera kuri toni 70000 mu 2022.
Byumvikane ko ugereranije n’umusaruro w’ibicuruzwa bisa biva mu bucukuzi bw’amabuye, gutunganya no gukoresha imyanda idasanzwe y’ubutaka bifite ibyiza byinshi: inzira ngufi, igiciro gito, no kugabanya “imyanda itatu”.Ikoresha neza umutungo, igabanya umwanda w’ibidukikije, kandi irinda neza umutungo w’ubutaka budasanzwe mu gihugu.
Liu Weihua, Umuyobozi w’ikoranabuhanga rya Huahong (002645. SZ) akaba n’umuyobozi wa Anxintai Technology Co., Ltd., yerekanye ko ubutunzi budasanzwe bw’isi ari umutungo wihariye.Mugihe cyo gukora ibikoresho bya magnetiki ya neodymium boron, bigera kuri 25% kugeza 30% byimyanda yo mu mfuruka, kandi buri toni ya praseodymium na neodymium oxyde yagaruwe ihwanye na toni zitarenga 10000 zubutaka budasanzwe ion cyangwa toni 5 zubutaka budasanzwe mbisi ubutare.
Liu Weihua yavuze ko ingano ya neodymium, fer, na boron yakuwe mu binyabiziga by’amashanyarazi bifite ibiziga bibiri kuri ubu birenga toni 10000, kandi gusenya ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi bifite ibiziga bibiri biziyongera cyane mu gihe kiri imbere.Ati: “Dukurikije imibare ituzuye, ibarura rusange ry’imodoka z’amashanyarazi zifite ibiziga bibiri mu Bushinwa zigera kuri miliyoni 200, kandi buri mwaka umusaruro w’ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi bifite ibiziga bigera kuri miliyoni 50.Hamwe no gukaza umurego muri politiki yo kurengera ibidukikije, Leta izihutisha kurandura batiyeri ya aside-aside ibinyabiziga bifite ibiziga bibiri byakozwe hakiri kare, bikaba biteganijwe ko gusenya ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi bifite ibiziga bibiri biziyongera cyane mu gihe kiri imbere. ”
Ati: “Ku ruhande rumwe, Leta ikomeje gusukura no gukosora imishinga idasanzwe yo gutunganya umutungo w'isi mu buryo butemewe kandi butubahirizwa, kandi izahagarika imishinga imwe n'imwe itunganya ibicuruzwa.Kurundi ruhande, amatsinda manini nisoko ryimari yabigizemo uruhare, bikayiha inyungu zirushanwe.Kubaho kwiza bizagenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro inganda ”, Liu Weihua.
Nk’uko umunyamakuru wo mu kigo cya Cailian News Agency abitangaza ngo kuri ubu hari ibigo bigera kuri 40 bigira uruhare mu gutandukanya ibikoresho bya neodymium, ibyuma, na boron bitunganyirizwa mu gihugu hose, bifite umusaruro wa toni zirenga 60000 za REO.Muri byo, inganda eshanu za mbere zitunganya ibicuruzwa mu nganda zingana na 70% by’ubushobozi bwo gukora.
Birakwiye ko tumenya ko uruganda rwa neodymium fer boron rutunganya ubu rufite ikibazo cyo "kugura no kugurisha inyuma", ni ukuvuga kugura byinshi no kugurisha bike.
Liu Weihua yavuze ko kuva mu gihembwe cya kabiri cy'umwaka ushize, gutunganya imyanda idasanzwe ku isi ahanini byari mu bihe bikomeye, bikabuza cyane iterambere ry'inganda.Ku bwa Liu Weihua, hari impamvu eshatu z'ingenzi zitera iki kibazo: kwaguka ku buryo bugaragara ubushobozi bw’umusaruro w’inganda zitunganya ibicuruzwa, kugabanuka kw'ibisabwa ku itumanaho, ndetse no kwemeza uburyo bwo guhuza ibyuma n’imyanda n’amatsinda manini kugira ngo bigabanye isoko ry’imyanda. .
Liu Weihua yagaragaje ko ubushobozi busanzwe bwo kugarura isi budasanzwe mu gihugu hose ari toni 60000, kandi mu myaka yashize, bugamije kongera ubushobozi bwa toni hafi 80000, ibyo bikaba byaviriyemo ubushobozi bukabije.Ati: “Ibi bikubiyemo guhindura tekinike no kwagura ubushobozi buriho, ndetse n'ubushobozi bushya bw'itsinda ridasanzwe ry'isi.”
Ku bijyanye n’isoko ry’ibicuruzwa bidasanzwe byongera gukoreshwa muri uyu mwaka, Wang Ji yizera ko kuri ubu, amabwiriza yatanzwe n’amasosiyete akoresha ibikoresho bya rukuruzi atigeze ahinduka, kandi no kongera imyanda ni bike.Biteganijwe ko umusaruro wa oxyde uva mumyanda utazahinduka cyane.
Umwe mu bari mu nganda utarashatse ko izina rye ritangazwa yabwiye ibiro ntaramakuru bya Cailian ko “ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro no gucuruza hejuru” byo gutunganya isi bidasanzwe bidashoboka.Hamwe no gukomeza kugabanuka kwibiciro byisi bidasanzwe, ibi bintu biteganijwe ko bizahinduka.Umunyamakuru w'ikigo gishinzwe amakuru cya Cailian yamenye ko kuri ubu, Ganzhou Waste Alliance iteganya kugura hamwe ibikoresho fatizo ku giciro gito.Umwe mu bagize uruganda yagize ati: "Umwaka ushize, imyanda myinshi yarahagaritswe cyangwa igabanywa mu musaruro, none ubu imyanda iracyari ishyaka ryiganje".
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-30-2023