Ubumaji Ntarengwa Isi Ikintu: Holly

Hollymium, Atomic Umubare wa 67, uburemere bwa atomic 164.93032, izina ryitabi ryakomotse ku mvuka yavukiyemo.

Ibikubiye muriHollymiummuri crust ni 0.000115%, kandi ibaho hamwe nibindiibintu bidasanzwe byisiMuri Monazute n'isi idasanzwe. Isotope isanzwe ihamye ni Hollymium 165 gusa.

Hollymium ihamye mu kirere cyumye kandi ikanamata vuba ku bushyuhe bwinshi;Holmideazwiho kugira imitungo ikomeye ikomeye.

Ikigo cya Holimium kirashobora gukoreshwa nkinyongera kubikoresho bishya bya Ferromagnetic; Holmium iyode ikoreshwa mu gukora amatara ya halde yicyuma -Itara rya Hollymium, na Holmites Lasers nayo ikoreshwa cyane mubuvuzi.

Kuvumbura amateka

Yavumbuwe na: jl Soret, PT Cleve

Yavumbuwe kuva 1878 kugeza 1879

Inzira yo kuvumbura: Yavumbuwe na Jl Soret mu 1878; Yavumbuwe na PT Cleve mu 1879

Nyuma ya Mossendre yatandukanije isi ya Erbium kanditerbiumisi kuvayttriumIsi mu 1842, Abami bami bakoresheje isesengura ryihariye kugira ngo bamenye kandi batamenye ko atari oxide yera y'ibintu, byashishikarije cmiste gukomeza kubatandukanya. Nyuma yo gutandukanya ytterbium oxide kandiscandide oxideKuva ku byaha bya okiside, urutare rwatandukanije injangwe ebyiri nshya nshya mu 1879. Umwe muri bo yitwa Holimium mu kwibuka inkovu y'ikirere, izina ry'ikilatini rya Holym, Suwede, hamwe n'ikimenyetso cy'ibanze Ho. Mu 1886, ikindi kintu cyatandukanijwe na Hollymium na Bouvabadrand, ariko izina rya Hollymimu ryagumiwe. Hamwe no kuvumbura Holly nibindi bigize isi idasanzwe, ikindi cyiciro cyubuvumbuzi bwa gatatu bwibintu bidasanzwe byisi byarangiye

Imiterere ya elegitoronike:

Imiterere ya elegitoronike:

1S2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5p6 5p6 5p6 5p6 6f 4f11

Ni ibyuma, nka dysprotium, irashobora gukuramo neutrons ikozwe na kirimbuzi za kirimbuzi.

Muri reaction ya kirimbuzi, kuruhande rumwe, kurundi ruhande, no kurundi ruhande, umuvuduko wumunyururu ugenzurwa.

Ibisobanuro by'ibintu: Ingufu za mbere ionisation ni 6,02 electron. Ifite ibyuma. Irashobora kwitwara buhoro n'amazi no gushonga mu acide ya dilute. Umunyu ni umuhondo. Oxide ho2o2 ni icyatsi kibisi. Gushonga mumacumbi ya maseli yo gutanga iminyururu ya kion.

Inkomoko y'amatora: Yateguwe kugabanya indwara ya holmium hof3 · 2h2o hamwe na calcium.

Ibyuma

Hollymium ni icyuma cyera cyera gifite imiterere yoroshye kandi yuzuye. Gushonga Ingingo ya 1474 ° C, Ingingo yo Guteka 2695 ° C, Ubucucike 8.7947 G / CM Holmium Meter ³.

Hollymium ihamye mu kirere cyumye kandi ikanamata vuba ku bushyuhe bwinshi; Oxide ya Holmium izwiho kugira imitungo ikomeye ya paramagnetic.

Kubona ibice bishobora gukoreshwa nkinyongera kubikoresho bishya bya Ferromagnetic; Holmium Iyode ikoreshwa mugukora ibyuma bya Halide - Itara rya Hollymium

Gusaba

. Kugeza ubu, ikoreshwa nyamukuru ni isi idasanzwe, isohora amabara atandukanye mugihe cyo gusohoka gaze. Ibikorwa byakazi bikoreshwa mumatara ya Holly ni Holmium iyode, bishobora kugera kubikorwa byinshi bya atome yicyuma muri zone ya ARC, kunoza cyane imirasire.

.

. Iyo rero ukoresheje Ho: Yag Laser kugirango uyirinde ubuvuzi, ntabwo ari imikorere yo kubaga kandi ukuri kwangiritse, ariko kandi ahantu hashobora kwangirika kwizuba harashobora kugabanywa mubunini buto. Beam yubusa yakozwe na HOLMIUUL KOLMIUL irashobora gukuraho ibinure atabanje kubyara ubushyuhe bukabije, bityo bikagabanya ibyangiritse byumuriro kumyenda myiza. Biravugwa ko Lomico yo kuvura Llaucoma muri Amerika irashobora kugabanya ububabare bw'abarwayi kubagwa. Ubushinwa 2 μ Urwego rwa M Laser Kristu hageze kunganirwa mpuzamahanga, kandi hagomba gushyirwaho imbaraga zo kwiteza imbere no gutanga ubwoko bwa laser kristu.

.

.)

. Iyo ukoresheje Hollymium yubuvuzi Lithotripsy, fibre yoroheje ya Hollymium ya Holmium yakoreshwaga mu buryo butaziguye ihazabibu, Ureter, na Utheter binyuze muri Uretryos binyuze muri cystoscope na ureteroscope. Noneho, abahanga ba Urologiya bakoresha illmium laser kugirango bavunike amabuye. Inyungu ziyi uburyo bwo kuvura muri Holmium laser nuko ishobora gukemura amabuye ya aurete, amabuye yurubuga, hamwe na mabuye nini yimpyiko. Ibibi nuko kumabuye amwe mubirori byo hejuru no hepfo, hashobora kubaho amabuye mato asigaye kubera ubushobozi bwa holmium laser yinjiye muri ureter kugirango agere kurubuga rwamabuye.