Neodymium, Element 60 yimeza yigihe.
Neodymium ifitanye isano na Praseodymium, byombi birimo shoret hamwe nimitungo isa cyane. Mu 1885, nyuma ya chimiste ya Suwede Mosander yavumbuye imvange yalanthanamna Praseoodymium na Neodeymium, Amustansi Welsans yatandukanije neza ubwoko bubiri bw '"Isi idasanzwe": Neodymium oxide naPraseoodymium oxide, amaherezo baratandukanyeNeodymiumnaPraseodymiummuri bo.
Neodymium, icyuma cyera cyera gifite imiti mibi yimiti, irashobora kunyerera byihuse mu kirere; Bisa na Praseodymium, biragenda buhoro buhoro mumazi akonje kandi asohora gaze ya hydrogan mumazi ashyushye. Neodymium afite ibintu bike mubutaka bwisi kandi ahanini ahari muri Monazite na Basnaesusite, ubwinshi bwayo bwa kabiri gusa kuri cerium.
Neodymium yakoreshejwe ahanini nk'akayaga mu kirahure mu kinyejana cya 19. Ryarineodymium oxideyashongeshejwe mu kirahure, byatanga igicucu gitandukanye uhereye ku ibara ryijimye kubera ubururu ukurikije isoko y'imitabyo. Ntugapfobye ikirahure kidasanzwe cya neodymium kion rwitwa "ikirahure cya neodymium". Ni "Umutima" wa Laser, hamwe n'ubuziranenge bwayo bugena ubushobozi n'ubuziranenge bw'ibikoresho bya laser bisohoka. Kugeza ubu bizwi nka laser gukora ku isi ishobora gusohoka imbaraga ntarengwa. Ingara za Neodeymium mu kirahure ni urufunguzo rwo kwiruka hejuru no hasi mu rwego rwa "Skyscraper" kandi rushobora gukora ingufu nini za Nanojoule 10-9 laser ku rwego rwa "Izuba Rito". Ikirahuri kinini cya Neodeymium ku isi hose, igikoresho cyo gutwika igihugu cya Amerika, cyazamuye tekinoroji yo guhomba kw'ikirahure cya Neodeymium ku rwego rushya kandi urutonde rwibitangaza birindwi by'ikoranabuhanga mu gihugu. Mu 1964, Ikigo cya Shanghai gifite ubumenyi bwiza bw'amacumbi y'ishuri ry'ubushinwa ryatangiye ubushakashatsi ku ikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku gushonga, gushishoza no gupima no kugerageza ikirahure cya Neode. Nyuma yimyaka mirongo yubushakashatsi, amaherezo yamaze gukorwa mumyaka icumi ishize. Itsinda rya hu rya Lili niwe wambere kwisi kumenya Shanghaiveng ikomeye kandi ultra ult ya laser igikoresho hamwe na watt 10 watt laser ibisohoka. Inkeri zayo ni ugusaba ikoranabuhanga ryingenzi ryibipimo binini kandi byimikorere miremire ya laser nd ikirahuri cyimodoka. Kubwibyo, ishuri ryigishinwa rya Science Shanghai Ikigo cya Optics cya Optique nimashini za mbere kwisi kwigenga Ikoranabuhanga ryuzuye ryikoranabuhanga ryuzuye ryikoranabuhanga rya Laser Nd Ibice byikirahure.
Neodymium irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugukora magnet ikomeye ihoraho izwi - Neodymium Icyuma Boron. Neodymium Icyuma Boron Asloy yari igihembo gikomeye cyatanzwe n'Ubuyapani mu myaka ya za 1980 kugira ngo acike monopole Motors muri Amerika. Abahanga mu by'ibanze Masato baokawa yahimbye ubwoko bushya bwa rukuruzi zihoraho, ari yo hashyizweho magnet ihoraho, ari yo mu majwi ahinnye y'ibice bitatu: Neodymium, Icyuma, na Boron. Abahanga mu bya siyansi b'Abashinwa na bo bakoze uburyo bushya bw'inyungu, bakoresheje induction bashyushya kurega aho kuba umuti gakondo gakondo wa Magnet, hashobora kugabanya imikurire idasanzwe ya Magnet, kandi bigabanya ibiciro byakazi.
Igihe cya nyuma: Aug-01-2023